Tourism And Hospitality Management

touristry And Hospitality ManagementThe unexclusive empyrean in touristry and cordial reception diligence plays Coperni bottom role in the development of sm every(prenominal) tradinges. This sector is highly meaning(a) in micro sector development of the pains. The run of public sector of the touristry and cordial reception industry implicate strategic directions that ar important for the overall coherent development of the industry (Teo, 2003).The clandestine sector of the tourism and hospitality industry plays important role in the active and passive development of the industry. This sector plays important role for transforming silver from one country to the other. This sector is highly important for the economic development of tourism and hospitality industry (Teo, 2003).The third sector of tourism and hospitality industry is voluntary tourism which refers to gainful activities much(prenominal) as formal businesses (Teo, 2003). This sector play role in terms of local communities such as difficulties regarding resident involvement.1.2 value a kitchen range of different tourism and hospitality sectors and the organization that operate within themThe tourism and hospitality industry is truly broad industry which also includes service sectors such as restaurants, logging, event guidance, theme parks, transportations and other additional fields. The tourism and hospitality industry accounts for some(prenominal) billions across the world which depends on the disposal income of customers to facilitate them in leisure time. On the other hand, hospitality sector of the tourism and hospitality industry such as hotel, restaurant and other groups may also be included.On the whole, the tourism and hospitality industry faecal matter be divided into eight major segments. These argonAccommodationEvents and ConferencesAdventure Tourism and RecreationTourism ServicesAttractionsTransportationFood and BeverageTravel Trade break s crawfish outholders ro les within tourism and hospitality industryThe individuals, organizations or groups that have interest or stake in an organization are termed as stakeholders. Practices of organizations lot have long lasting have-to doe with on the interests of stakeholders. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the interests of stakeholders. In tourism and hospitality industry, the organizations or individuals who have put capital or efforts in the establishment or development of the industry apprize be referred to stakeholders of the industry. In addition to this, different stakeholders in private and public sector organizations in tourism and hospitality industry substructure exist (Belinda, 2008). Businesses in tourism, government and communities croupe have stake in the tourism and hospitality industry. Tourists weednot be considered as actual stakeholders of the tourism and hospitality industry because they do not make fundamental money by dint of this industry. On the other hand, they can influence the practices of the tourism and hospitality industry because they are involved in the industry from different aspects. whatever of the stakeholders of the tourism and hospitality industry are as fol measlysGovernmentThe most important stakeholder of the tourism and hospitality industry is government because policies and regulations of the tourism and hospitality industry are shaped by the government. In context of overall tourism and hospitality industry, government influences the practices of organizations in following respects (Belinda, 2008)By consultation with the private sector and other communities, it plans the policies of the tourism industryIt ensures that the organizations in tourism and hospitality industry follow the planned policies and regulationsIt provides support in financial terms and counselor to the companies in tourism and hospitality industryIt ensures that stability and law and order business office of the country for attracting tourist sIndustrialistsIndustrialists are also very important stakeholders of the tourism and hospitality industry. Industrialists include travel agencies, organizations in the industry, and transport agencies. The organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry include hotels, restaurants, and shopping centers. The practices of all these organizations can affect the operations of the tourism and hospitality industry, as a whole. Industrialists can have following interests in the tourism and hospitality industryTo make investment in the tourism and hospitality industryTo market their products and function in different organizations in tourism and hospitality industry such as hotels, restaurants and shopping centersTo influence the companies for promoting their products and servicesCustomers/touristsCustomers or tourists are also important stakeholders in the tourism and hospitality industry. This group of stakeholders contracts value, quality and high customer care. These are the ma jor source of money for the organizations in operation(p) in the tourism and hospitality industry (Belinda, 2008).EmployeesEmployees are the internal stakeholders of the tourism and hospitality industry. They have high level interest in the internal policies of the tourism and hospitality industry. They demand quality work surround, job security, compensation and truthful communication in the organizations (Belinda, 2008).Local CommunitiesIn tourism and hospitality industry, local communities are important stakeholders. This is because they attract tourists and run into on their intentions of visiting a particular place. They can have stake in the tourism and hospitality industry in terms of job security, environment protection, promotion of local products and services and promotion of local culture and values.1.4 Analyze the nature of changes to the structure of tourism industry over last 15 years?Over the last fifteen years, several changes have occurred in the tourism and hosp itality industry. These changes may includechange in oil prices which led to changes in charges of fuel in airlinesIncreased capacity of aviation on different routes which attract tourists to the tourism and hospitality industrylow international airfares and cheap packages of travel with discounts which attract tourists towards the tourism and hospitality industryTrends in consumer demographics which change the behavior of customers for tourismlaw and order situation in different countriesTerrorism factor which reduces the tourism in certain countriesOn the whole, trends in demographics of customers impact the consumer behavior in the tourism and hospitality industry. It is important for the organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry to make important steps regarding strategic focusing relevant to these changes. Organizations should make relevant policies to attract customers. parturiency Two marketing Report2.1 Analyse issues around sustainability and sustainable deve lopment in tourism and apply management strategies accordinglyThe sustainable issues in the tourism and hospitality industry refer to the environment protection. It is important for the organizations to apply certain policies regarding these issues to resolve the problems and disagreements. In the global context, the sustainability issues are very important. Organizations need to develop relevant strategies regarding the sustainable development. On the long term basis, organizations need to develop local as well as global strategies for attracting customers and ensuring sustainable development. This is because of integration of sustainable issues across the world. There are many issues in local context which may impact the sustainability in global aspects. Therefore, organizations should integrate their local and global strategies for ensuring sustainability in global tourism and hospitality industry.2.2 Evaluate certain ways in which tourism can be managed in a sustainable way with reference to tending(p) examplesThere are three major ways through which sustainability issues in global tourism and hospitality industry. These areResource based tradition In this method limitations to increment in hospitality industry are evaluated in resource contextActivity based tradition This refers to the transformation of hospitality industry on can-do activitiesCommunity based tradition This refers to the integration of resources and activities in the hospitality industry2.3 Apply principles of corporate social responsibility to a chosen tourism businessThe corporate social responsibility refers to the commitment of the business to ethical and economic development. In tourism and hospitality industry, corporate social responsibility issues are highly important. These issues relate to the health and safety conditions. Moreover, commitment towards employees, customers and shareholders are also included in this context (Bhattacharya, 2011). The savoy cabbage Hotel needs to be commitment towards environment in broad sense to fulfill its responsibility towards society. On the whole, Savoy Hotel needs to show its responsibility towards following sectorsWorkplaceCommunityMarketplaceEnvironmentTask Three Market Research3.1 Apply PESTLE analysis to describe the main trends in global tourism industryA business turncock that evaluates the different factors of external environment of an organization is termed as PESTEL analysis. This ray of light analyzes the political, environmental, social, technological, legal and economic perspectives of the environment in which organizations operate. In perspective of tourism and hospitality industry, this tool determines that whether the industry is suitable or not for investment (Miriam, 2011). The PESTEL analysis of global tourism and hospitality industry is as followsPolitical FactorsPolitical factors refer to the finale to which government impacts the operations of the organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry. The important political factors such as health protection laws, tax rates, law and order situation and political stability can influence the operations of the organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry. In the global context, political situation in the Middle eastbound can impact the tourism. Moreover, in countries like Afghanistan and Pakistan, where terrorism threats are high, tourism and hospitality industry is declining.Economic FactorsEconomic factors cal also the operations of the tourism and hospitality industry. These factors can influence the revenues and expenses of the organizations operating in the tourism and hospitality industry. The prices of products, raw materials and inflation can impact the industry. Rates of interest and exchange rates can also influence the industry. Financial downturn in the world decreased the purchasing power of the customers and tourists. In this way, overall revenues of the tourism and hospitality industry were wedged in that financial crisis.Social FactorsSocial factors may have long lasting impact on the practices of organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry. Health assured behavior of customers may impact their purchasing behavior in the hotels and restaurant segment of the tourism and hospitality industry (Butler, 2004). Culture and religious practices of people in a particular country may also impact the practices of organizations in tourism and hospitality industry.Technological FactorsTechnological practices impact the demand and supply factors in the tourism and hospitality industry. Technological efficiency in the tourism and hospitality industry may enhance the demand. If the food technology is efficient in the tourism and hospitality industry, organizations in the restaurants and hotels can have high demand from customers. Organizations can prepare food quickly to meet the demand. Technology may also impact the alliance of organizations in tourism and hospitality industr y with the customers. Efficient technologies can impact customer relationship management in the tourism and hospitality industry.environmental IssuesThere are several environmental factors which influence the practices of organizations in tourism and hospitality industry. Packaging decisions are the major considerations in the tourism and hospitality industry. The practices of organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry which cause defilement may impact the image of the organizations in global context. Global warming, climatic conditions in different regions can also influence the practices of organizations in tourism and hospitality industry.Legal IssuesThere are many legal issues which impact the policies of tourism and hospitality industry. Rules and regulations regarding food practices can impact the organizations in restaurant sector of the tourism and hospitality industry. Laws regarding operating business in a foreign country can also impact the operations of the to urism and hospitality industry.3.2 Distinguish between the elements of macro and micro environmentThe macro environment of an organization is a broad environment which aims at the investigation of major issues. This environment is basically refers to PESTEL environment analysis that bears the look forers to focus at the factors which impact a business in external and broad environment context. These factors may include economic, social, technological, political, environmental and legal factors. These factors impact the organization in different contexts. It is very important for the organizations to adapt to these factors in an effective manner. The results of PESTEL analysis allow the organization to see the factors where its strengths can be capitalized.Micro environment refers to a small environment which aims at investigation of a search problem in a small perspective. This environment refers to new patterns of organizations. This environment may include internal and small ex ternal environment of an organization. Internal environment may include employees and management. On the other hand, external environment may include suppliers, customers, and competitors. Both types of environment are highly important for the organizations to see their effectiveness for the operations of the business.3.3 Analyze the effects of macro and micro environmental factors on tourism organizationPolitical factors Improvement in the trade barriers and opening of new tourism avenues can enhance the scope of Sovay Hotel for tourism (McKercher, 1993)Economic factors Low bargaining power of customers and clients reduce the tourism revenues of Sovay HotelEnvironmental factors high concerns of environment such as pollution influence the Sovay Hotel to mold its practices in environment friendly modeLegal factors Laws and regulations in tourism industry impact the Sovay Hotel to mold its practices according to lawsSocial factors behaviors of customers towards heavy food impacts the policies of Sovay Hotel to offer healthy food to customersTechnological factors improvement in technologies and transportation influence the Sovay Hotel to reframe its practices for attracting customers and tourists4. Task Four Sustainability Corporate Social Responsibility4.1 Evaluate the floors of market inquiry processDefining the Problem or NeedThe first stage of the market investigate process is defining the problem or need. Before deporting the market look into, the organizations in the tourism and hospitality industry need to identify the main problem or need of the research. They need to lot investigation to discuss the need of conducting research and define the problems of the organizations. This stage defines the problems or issues that prevail in the organizations and hinder its performance. In order to find the beginning of the problems, research is conducted. decision making the researcherAfter defining the problem or need of the research in the organization, t he next stage is to decide about the researcher who will conduct the research to resolve the prevailing issues. This stage refers to the formulation of analytical material or methodology for conducting the research. The researcher creates case studies of the organization to make exact framework for the research.Deciding the methodologyAfter defining problem and researcher, the next step is to decide about the methodology of the research. This stage refers to the exploration of different methodologies and frameworks for conducting research. These frameworks may include inter count, survey or secondary information. It is very important to decide appropriate methodology relevant to the need of the market research. Relevant methodology aims at purpose exact antecedent of the prevailing problems of the organizations (Baker, 2000). There can be qualitative or qualitative methodology for conducting the research. In qualitative methods, discussions are conducted with the relevant member s for conclusion the solution of the prevailing problems. qualitative methodology refers to the investigation of the problems in theoretical manner. On the other hand, quantitative methodology aims at finding the solution f research problems in quantitative terms. This methodology aims at investigating the research problems in numeric terms. Survey is the best tool for conducting quantitative research. There is other methodology which is used to conduct market research. This methodology is mix f qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Many researchers suggest that mixed methodology is effective for finding the justified and logical answers of research questions.Data Collection ProcessAfter deciding the research methodology and researcher, the next stage is the data aggregation process. At this stage, research design is produced for the research. This stage defines the appropriate framework through which research is planned. Aims and objectives of the research are defined at this stage of market research (Saunders et al., 2009). This stage defines that what type of data is to be included in the research. Basically, at that place are two types of data i.e. simple and secondary. Primary data is the data which does not exists in the earlier records. This type of data is collected for the first time. This data is the most fresh and recent data. Researchers need this data to find the solution of problems. The advantages of this type of data are low biasness, relevance and logical results of research problems. On the other hand, secondary data is the data which exists in the earlier records. This type of data exists in the books, articles and other data bases. Researchers include this data in the research to investigate the issues in theoretical terms. In order to investigate the research problem through secondary data, researchers study existing theories and models regarding the problem. This data is easy to collect. There are specific tools for collecting primary and secondary data. In order to collect primary data, survey, interview, focus group discussions or observations are used. On the other hand, secondary data can be collected through books, articles, newspapers and reports. Whatever the data is, the important consideration is to adopt relevant data tool which can investigate the research problem in effective manner.Data AnalysisAfter collection of data, the next stage is to analyze data to find the answers if research questions in an effective manner. At this stage, data analysis techniques are discussed and decided. Data analysis must be relevant to the aims and objectives and research methodology. If data analysis technique is irrelevant to research methodology, justified and logical answers of research question cannot be obtained. Before analyzing data, it is important to present data in tables and appropriate transcripts so that reader can get deep insight of the research. Data analysis must be very effective so that re levant individuals can get benefits from the research findings. If analysis is not appropriate, management cannot get benefit from the market research to decide the solution of problems prevailing in the organizations.Conclusion and Presenting the ReportThe last stage of market research process is presentation of data and conclusion. This stage is highly important for the researchers as well as for management who are responsible for deriving answers of research questions. It is very important for the researchers to present the findings in an effective manner so that management can take decisions regarding the prevailing problems in the organization. The researcher needs to communicate the findings of the research in an effective manner. In market research, management does not take interest in the details of the research process but takes high interest in the findings and conclusion. This is because management has to take decisions regarding prevailing organizational problems. Theref ore, if findings are not presented logically and effectively, managements effectiveness in decision making is impact. It is very important for the researcher to present logical and justified recommendations regarding the research problems so that management can take help in decision making.4.2 Provide a justified proposal for a suitable market research plan for a given organizationFor the Savoy Hotel, following research plan is proposed in the following stagesAim and ObjectivesData CollectionData AnalysisResults and ConclusionRecommendationsIn analyzing services provided by Savoy hotel elegant dcor services with stylish Italian architecture for key attraction has been provided. The Florence atmosphere with classic marble and mosaic bathrooms with pleasurable and exhilarating experience attracts customers all around.4.3 Understand the difference between qualitative and quantitative research and evaluate when to each one might be appropriateQualitative research is basically explorat ory research which aims at obtaining reasons, motivations and opinions regarding the research questions. This type of research is conducted through development of hypothesis in quantitative terms (Saunders et al., 2009). This research is used to discover the thoughts, trends and opinions regarding a particular research problem. Qualitative research methods investigate a particular problem in theoretical terms there are different methods which are used to conduct qualitative research. These methods may include semi structured interviews, observations and focus group discussions. In order to conduct qualitative research, small research sample is selected from the entire population.On the other hand, quantitative research codifies the research problem through numerical data which can be converted into appropriate statistics. This research method is applied in market research to identify the attitudes, behaviors, opinions and suggestions in quantitative terms. The aim of this type of re search is to generalize the results on a large sample (Russ and Preskill, 2001). Quantitative research is used to uncover the aims and objectives of the research in quantitative terms. There are several methods through which quantitative research can be conducted. These methods may include surveys, face to face interviews, website interceptors and online polls.This type of research focuses on quantities and numeric for finding the solution of research problems. On the basis of statistics and numeric analysis, quantitative research finds the answers of research questions. On the other hand, qualitative research focuses on qualities such as behaviors and attitudes in real manner. The results of qualitative research are presented theoretically rather than numerically (Russ and Preskill, 2001). Quantitative research is applied at the scenarios where aim is to generalize the result on a large population. On the other hand, qualitative research methods are applied on the scenarios where a im is to discover problem in an organizational context and find solution of problems.4.4 Evaluate different research methodologies based upon a given scenarioThere are different types of research methodologies which are implemented on particular scenarios. Each research methodology focuses on particular aims and objectives (Saunders et al., 2009). Some of the research methodologies are as followsQuaitative researchThis is first type of qualitative research methodology which refers to investigation of the research problem in theoretical terms. This type of research methodology aims at investigation of research problem in words. In social sciences, qualitative research is conducted. This type of research is conducted in a natural setting so that researchers can get deep insight of the research problem.Quantitative researchThe second type of research methodology is quantitative research which is used to determine the relationship between different factors. The nature of relationship i s quantitative.Mixed researchMixed methodology refers to mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. This type of research methodology is recommended by the researchers for finding logical and justified answers of research questions.Action researchThis research model refers to studying a particular problem and accomplishing its aims at the same time (Saunders et al., 2009).Conclusion RecommendationExplain each of the 7PS and apply them to a chosen organizationProductThe Sovay hotel offers services to customers with hotel, restaurants and accommodation service that manage business activities in effective manner.HotelsRestaurantsSpasAmigoBocconiRistoranteBrowns HotelBrownsLincontroCharles hotelAugustineHIX MayfairHotel De RussieVerdura golf and SpaVerdura Golf and SpaVerdura Golf Spa ResortRocco Forte hotelParioliThe BalmoralVilla KennedyRocco Forte HotelHotel AstoriaAstoriaGustoRocco Forte hotelPriceThe price of room, suites and halls varies with consumer demand.The Edwardian Ele gance entourage package785 Every ones an original winter offer300Savoy festive package395Savoy Splendor295Savoy Suite Treat775Sundays at the Savoy package250Bed breakfast package305Cabaret Theatre package540Impression package495The Savoy element package825Top hat field of operations package465The variance in prices in accordance with consumer demand present effective ways of accommodation, theatre package, dinner manage global event and meeting solution.PlacementThe strategies regarding placement are as followsSavoy family SuiteOne king and two twin cognizesJunior SuiteOne king bedDeluxe Junior SuiteOne king bedSavoy SuiteOne king or one queen bedRiver view junior suiteOne king bedEdwardian SuiteOne Queen bedArt Deco SuiteOne king bedArt Deco two bedroom suiteOne king bedRiver view deluxe suiteOne king bedPersonality SuiteOne king bedPersonality Art Deco SuiteOne king bedPromotion24 hour Butler service, tea and coffee tree service, Audio i-pod service, unpacking service of arri val, fresh flower, daily news paper , magazine selection, leather desk manage to gather effective promotion services. In perspective of consumer demand dining , meetings and activities were offered. Global event and meeting solutions relevant to prestigious revenue services, divine dances with family lie , personal or signature packages entertain customers.Fairmont GoldGuests, respect bar, relaxing comfort , continental breakfast services were offeredFamily travelMayan, Hawaiian culture with resort, games and museum attractions were offeredFairmont GolfLuxury, lodging and property facility for elegant accommodationFairmont yield cardsAward winning restaurants, denomination and currency spasCelebration lifeFavorable places for positive celebration of life experiencePhysical EvidenceThe services of hotel and restaurants in Canada, United states, Asia, Europe, Mexico, Caribbean and Bermuda, Middle East and Africa in different regions attracts customers. In areas like Dubai, Jakarta, Moscow, Riyadh ,Baku ,Austin and Amman attracts customers all over region.PeopleOn website (http//www.fairmont.com/ look for/family/) in different languages like English, France, Denmark, Arabic and Chinese were offered. Login and search offers were presented in accordance with family travel, restaurants and bars.ProcessFacilities were offered with appropriate customer needs and advancement. Most of people all over region gain information through web portals as featured offers like celebrations, culture, discovery, family, food and wine, green and internet were offered.Evaluate the four division criteria and be able to recommend a suitable market segment for a given organizationSavoy hotel is famous for excitement and glamorous spark services to customers all over region. People of every cast, sect and culture had been offered with excellent services of like guest services including babysitting, bell staff, check inout, maintain and pet policy. Business service offered includes CD burning, DVD playing, High speed internet access, Microsoft application and VAT refunding service. Similarly Butler services for in-suite check-in and orientation, imbibition on arrival, complimentary pressing, wake -up call system, dressing service, travelling consultant and personal shopping to entertain services were offered. Wedding planning and event management system for private rooms, Banqueting rooms and high class customer services to entertain customers were offered. Special promotion offers with customer needs and wants for promotion and money compensation for presenting positive image were offered. Dinning, meeting and photo entertainment facility that improves customer attraction manage to gather user attention. Signature offers SANTA Monica, Bab AL Bahr, Fairmont Le Chateau Frontenac and Jasper park lodging service to attract target audience manage to attract customers. SPA and bathing offers to attract customer and made them treatment oriented for perfect customer association with user demand. The differentiation strategy to entertain customers all over region manages to attract customers all over region. The management of hotel and restaur